The environmental defenders project

Environmental defenders strive to protect the environment and the human rights relating to it. They use peaceful means to serve ecosystems and communities. Yet, at an increasing pace, environmental defenders are being killed. This project investigates why and by whom.

A crowd of environmentalists standing together around a bus and on the roof of the bus.

Photo: Angie Cuchimba.

About the project

Global Witness recorded, in 2020, 227 murders of environmental activists around the world. Evidence gathered by NGOs seems to indicate that: Competition over resources creates conflict; transnational corporations instigate action; state agents, private security guards, or paramilitary squadrons execute. But what criminologists call the dark figure of crime – a gap in the reliability of reported crime statistics – casts a shadow of doubt over what we think we know and renders incommensurable what we do not know.

The dark figure of crime is an issue of method, caused by failures in registering and reporting – that is, in ‘capturing’ reality. The Environmental Defenders’ Project addresses the homicides of defenders, methodologically. It combines a variety of tools of measurement and understanding, from the social and natural sciences, to transform dark figure-obscurity into clarity.

Method

The project gathers all existing sources of information about murders of environmental activists. These sources include: 1) interviews with environmental defenders, NGO representatives, state agents, and business employees; 2) a large database of academic, official, and grey-literature on the phenomenon; 3) newspaper reports.

Objectives

The environmental defenders’ project:

  1. Identifies the blind sports we have on the issue
  2. Finds new methodologies to gain a deeper understanding of this crime
  3. Builds a database of knowledge to understand the murders of environmental defenders

Outcomes

The project deals with corporations, governments and armies; environmental degradation and social conflict; and statistics and methodology. Yet, human beings – being murdered in appalling numbers – lie at its heart. Ultimately, the project will give us a body of knowledge to guide us in defending the defenders.

Financing

The project is funded by the stimulating grants scheme of the University of Oslo.

Published Mar. 5, 2024 3:30 PM - Last modified Mar. 5, 2024 3:34 PM