Hanna Buer Haddeland

• Haddeland, Hanna Buer (2023). Ny voldserstatningslov og fremtidige terrorofre. Tidsskrift for erstatningsrett, forsikringsrett og trygderett. ISSN 2464-336X. 20(3-4), p. 147–175. doi: 10.18261/teft.20.3.3. Show summary

  Artikkelen diskuterer hvordan ny voldserstatningslov endrer rettsstillingen til terrorofre, i lys av erfaringene med anvendelsen av den tidligere voldsoffererstatningsloven etter 22. juli 2011. Retten til voldserstatning skal nå vurderes ut ifra skadevolders ansvar etter erstatningsrettslige prinsipper. Dermed fravikes de objektive kriteriene for grensen av statens ansvar (HR-2017-352), hvilket kan utvide kretsen berettiget til voldserstatning som direkte skadelidt i «tredjemannssaker». Etterlattes erstatningsvern innskrenkes derimot noe. Ny lov gir økt forutsigbarhet når erstatning avklares i straffesaken. Straffesaken knyttet til et terrorangrep vil imidlertid trolig være så omfattende at domstolene ikke tar stilling til erstatningskravene, jf. unntakene i straffeprosessloven. Berørte må da søke erstatning fra Kontoret for voldsoffererstatning, hvor skadevolder gis partsrettigheter. Ny lov innskrenker samlet sett det erstatningsrettslige vernet for berørte etter en terrorhendelse, og ville trolig skapt utfordringer dersom den skulle vært anvendt etter terrorangrepene 22. juli 2011.

• Haddeland, Hanna Buer (2021). ‘Victims not wrongdoers’: the legal consciousness of rejected asylum seekers in Norway. Journal of law and society (Print). ISSN 0263-323X. 48, p. 645–668. doi: 10.1111/jols.12327. Show summary

  Drawing on in-depth interviews, observation, and legal sources, this article examines how rejected asylum seekers experience their status and the legal regulations related to it, and how they react as a result. Their legal consciousness must be understood in the light of their illegal status, which makes them keenly aware that legal regulations and power structures decisively affect their everyday lives. They are ‘outside the law’ yet struggling to become insiders. While they all use legal services in their individual struggles, their engagement in collective counter-hegemonic struggles is greatly affected by social relations, networks, and culture. Honneth’s theory of recognition is used to expand the narrative of ‘dissenting collectivism’ within legal consciousness scholarship and capture the collective resistance of the marginalized. Unlike studies portraying these migrants as fearful of any involvement with the authorities, this article demonstrates that individual experiences of injustice and violated expectations of recognition can lead to collective resistance and mobilization.

• Rabe, Thea Næs & Haddeland, Hanna Buer (2021). Diverging interpretations of humanitarian exceptions: assisting rejected asylum seekers in Norway. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. ISSN 1369-183X. 29(7), p. 1630–1647. doi: 10.1080/1369183X.2021.1965469. Show summary

  This study explores the tension between regulations aimed at hindering the mobility of irregular migrants in Europe and the individuals who identify with humanitarian ideals and assist rejected asylum seekers. Drawing on legal document analysis and qualitative interviews with individuals who have supported rejected asylum seekers from Afghanistan, this study analyses how the term ‘humanitarian assistance’ is interpreted both legally and socially in the Norwegian context. Although Norway has implemented a humanitarian exception from criminal liability for humanitarian assistance to irregular migrants, the concept of humanitarian assistance is narrowly interpreted as life-saving assistance provided by publicly known formal organisations. This is in contrast with the broader understanding of humanitarian assistance maintained by the respondents, who understand the term as support beyond mere physical survival and which includes upholding human rights. It is shown that even though respondents align themselves with international human rights and humanitarian motives, they might still be prosecuted by the EU and national legislation. It is argued that the criminalisation of acts that are commonly deemed as morally right and humanitarian challenges fundamental principles of the use of punishment as a tool to prohibit harm in society.

• Haddeland, Hanna Buer & Franko, Katja (2021). Between legality and legitimacy: The courtroom as a site of resistance in the criminalization of migration. Punishment & Society. ISSN 1462-4745. doi: 10.1177/1462474521996815. Full text in Research Archive
• Haddeland, Hanna Buer (2020). Termen «ulovlig» brukt om opphold i utlendingsretten: Kritikk og alternativer. Retfærd. Nordisk Juridisk Tidsskrift. ISSN 0105-1121. p. 29–46. Show summary

  Termen «ulovlig» brukt om opphold i utlendingsretten kritiseres ofte. Organisasjoner, aktivister og akademikere innvender at ordet gir assosiasjoner til kriminalitet, bidrar til stigmatisering, samt at ingen mennesker kan være ulovlige. Kritikken inneholder argumenter av formal, empirisk, sammensatt og normativ karakter. Ulike kritikklinjer kan assosieres med alternative termer for personer uten oppholdsrett. Artikkelen analyserer kritikken i lys av rettskilder og språkteori, og vurderer de alternative termene. Manglende anerkjennelse av faktisk tilknytning harmoniserer ikke alltid med termens referanse. Fordi utlendingsretten regulerer et sosialt felt, skapes spenninger mellom rettens normative og sosiale side, og kritikk av ordet «ulovlig» sin kontekst, legitimitet og etiske ramme

• Haddeland, Hanna Buer (2020). The Right to Health Care for Irregular Migrants in Norway: Interpretation, Accessibility, and Gaps Between Needs and Rights. Nordic Journal of Human Rights. ISSN 1891-8131. 37(4), p. 329–349. doi: 10.1080/18918131.2020.1731970. Show summary

  Based on legal interpretation, interviews with rejected asylum seekers, and decisions from hospitals and the County Governor, this article examines the degree of compliance with the human right to health care for adult irregular migrants in Norway. The findings indicate that a certain minimum of health care services is accessible for most. However, economic concern represents a heavy burden. Fear of deportation, often considered a barrier to health care in earlier studies, represents a problem for those who evade deportation and lack information about health-care providers’ duty of confidentiality. Unclear legislation leads to uncertainty among health personnel. This uncertainty produces, in some cases, an arbitrary practice. The article suggests that the most serious gaps between health-care needs, national legislation, and international human rights obligations appear to exist concerning the lack of rehabilitation rights after surgery, the lack of health care for patients suffering from serious mental health issues, and the high threshold for treatment of chronic diseases.

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• Haddeland, Hanna Buer & Ikdahl, Ingunn (2024). The temporalities of welfare law’s responses to victims of terrorism.
• Haddeland, Hanna Buer & Rabe, Thea Næs (2023). Moral over the Law: assisting rejected asylum seekers in Europe.
• Haddeland, Hanna Buer (2023). Compensation to Victims of Terrorism: the case of Norway after the 2011 terror attacks. Show summary

  Victims of terrorism have the right to compensation and reparation under European law. However, recent reports have shown that many victims in Europe experience secondary victimisation during the compensation application process. After the 2011 terror attack in Norway, the government relied on existing legislation to provide compensation to victims, although a standardized financial redress for the different groups of victims was implemented. Drawing on interviews with victims of the attack and legal analysis, I show how the standardised redress was experienced as a relief among the informants. However, applying for compensation for financial loss carried a risk of secondary victimisation due to the complicated application processes and the risk of being rejected for such compensation.

• Rabe, Thea Næs & Haddeland, Hanna Buer (2021). Når er det kriminelt å hjelpe? Klassekampen. ISSN 0805-3839.
• Haddeland, Hanna Buer (2020). Økosorg- og sinne i et rettslig perspektiv, Det går til helvete. Eller? Om kjærlighet, sorg og raseri i natur- og klimakrisens tid.. Dinamo Forlag. ISSN 9788280713353.
• Haddeland, Hanna Buer & Kolmannskog, Vikram (2016). Fattig, uten rett til familie. Klassekampen. ISSN 0805-3839.

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